Rourkela, a meticulously planned city in the northern reaches of Odisha, India, holds the distinction of being the state's third-largest urban agglomeration. Popularly known as "Steel City" or "Ispat Nagar," its identity is deeply intertwined with the presence of one of India's largest integrated steel plants, established with German collaboration. The city is strategically positioned within the mineral-rich Sundargarh district, nestled amidst a picturesque landscape of rolling hills and embraced by the confluence of the Koel, Sankha, and Brahmani rivers [3].

Beyond its industrial prominence, Rourkela is also recognized as an educational and technical hub, hosting institutions of national importance like the National Institute of Technology (NIT Rourkela) [3]. The city's planned development, initiated in the mid-20th century, has fostered a cosmopolitan environment where diverse cultures converge, earning it the moniker "Mini India" [7].

• Rourkela is a planned city in the Sundargarh district of Odisha, India [3].
• It is the third-largest Urban Agglomeration in Odisha [3].
• The city is popularly known as "Steel City" and "Ispat Nagar" [3].
• Rourkela is home to one of the largest integrated steel plants, the Rourkela Steel Plant, a unit of Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) [3].
• The city was selected as a smart city in the third phase of the National Smart Cities Mission on September 20, 2016 [3].
• Rourkela has been declared India's Fastest Moving City (East Zone 2-10 Lakh) [3].
• The area of Rourkela is approximately 200 square kilometers (about 60 sq mi) [3].
• The city is situated at an elevation of about 219 meters (719 ft) above mean sea level [3].
• Rourkela celebrates "Rourkela Day" annually on March 3rd [3].
• As of the 2011 India census, Rourkela Metropolitan Area had a population of 536,450 [3].
• The city is divided into two townships under the Census of India: Steel Township and Civil Township [3].

The administration of Rourkela is primarily bifurcated into two distinct townships under the Census of India: the Steel Township and the Civil Township. The Steel Township functions as a modern industrial habitation and falls under the direct administration of the Rourkela Steel Plant authorities [3, 8]. This area is characterized by its extensive green coverage and well-maintained residential quarters.

Conversely, the Civil Township, along with other sections of the city, is governed by the Rourkela Municipal Corporation [3, 4]. Established as a Municipal Corporation in November 2014, this civic body is responsible for addressing the broader civic and infrastructural requirements of the city's residents [4]. Furthermore, the Rourkela Development Authority, created in 1995 by the Government of Odisha, plays a crucial role in urban planning, undertaking projects related to housing colonies, shopping complexes, industrial estates, and public amenities, including slum improvement and redevelopment programs [3].

Rourkela holds the esteemed title of the "industrial capital of Odisha," a testament to its significant economic contributions. At its core is the Rourkela Steel Plant (RSP), India's first public sector integrated steel plant, established with German collaboration, which has been a cornerstone of the city's economic development [3, 9]. The presence of RSP, a unit of Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), has not only provided substantial employment but also spurred the growth of numerous ancillary industries [9].

Beyond steel, Rourkela has embraced the information technology sector, with the establishment of a Software Technology Parks of India (STPI) earth station, signaling its integration into the IT world and attracting entrepreneurs [3]. The city's robust infrastructure, including well-developed rail, road, and air connectivity, coupled with abundant natural resources like minerals, water, and power, further solidifies its position as an attractive destination for industrialists [3].

Rourkela boasts a well-developed and continually evolving infrastructure, essential for its industrial and urban growth. Road transportation is robust, with National Highway 143 passing through the city, connecting it to key regions. State Highway 10, now upgraded to a four-lane highway under the Biju Expressway project, further enhances connectivity to places like Sambalpur. The city's internal road network is efficiently maintained, especially within the Steel Township by the Rourkela Steel Plant Authority, featuring a 16 km long Ring Road that links various sectors and major parts of the city [3].

Rourkela Railway Junction, strategically located on the Howrah-Mumbai line, provides excellent rail connectivity to major Indian cities including Delhi, Chennai, and Mumbai. The city also benefits from the Rourkela Airport, which has commenced commercial air services under the UDAN scheme, capable of handling ATR-72 type aircraft and undergoing further upgrades [3]. These integrated transport networks underscore Rourkela's commitment to facilitating trade, commerce, and movement within and outside the city.