Kota Samarahan, once known as Muara Tuang, has transformed into a vibrant and significant town in Sarawak, Malaysia, serving as the administrative seat of the Samarahan District. Its strategic location, in close proximity to the state capital Kuching, positions it as a key satellite town within the greater Kuching area [1]. The town is celebrated locally as "Kota Ilmu," or the "Town of Knowledge," a moniker that reflects its profound emphasis on education and its role as a regional educational and medical hub [1]. This development trajectory has been actively supported by the Sarawak government, which identifies Kota Samarahan as central to the state's advancements in these critical sectors [1].

Beyond its educational and medical prominence, Kota Samarahan holds cultural significance, being considered a vital center for the Malay/Muslim population in Sarawak, akin to a regional "Putrajaya" [1]. Its rapid growth and modern infrastructure complement its historical roots, evolving from a quieter past to a bustling urban center. The town's ongoing development continues to enhance its appeal and importance within Sarawak's landscape, attracting both residents and institutions [1].

• Kota Samarahan is situated at coordinates 1°27′34″N 110°29′56″E, with an elevation of 27 meters (89 feet) above sea level [1].
• As of 2024, the town of Kota Samarahan has a population of 29,395, though the broader area managed by its Municipal Council accounts for 76,940 residents [1].
• The total area of Kota Samarahan is approximately 407 square kilometers (157 square miles) [1].
• The town observes Malaysia Time (MYT), which is UTC+08:00 year-round, without daylight saving adjustments [1].
• Its primary postal code is 94300 [1].
• Kota Samarahan experiences a tropical rainforest climate (Af), characterized by consistent heavy to very heavy rainfall throughout the year [1].
• The ethnic composition in 2024 shows a majority Malay population (54.07%), followed by Iban (28.2%), Chinese (12.87%), and smaller percentages of Bidayuh, Melanau, Indians, and other groups [1].

The local governance of Kota Samarahan falls under the purview of the Kota Samarahan Municipal Council (MPKS), which was established in 2016. This council is responsible for administering Kota Samarahan itself, along with the surrounding districts of Asajaya and the subdistrict of Sadong Jaya [1, 2]. Prior to its upgrade to a municipal council, the area was managed by the Samarahan District Council. The elevation of its status reflects the town's growing importance and development within the region [1].

The Samarahan Divisional Resident Office, a key administrative body, was also established in Kota Samarahan after the Samarahan area was officially declared a division in 1986 [1]. This layered administrative structure ensures the coordinated development and effective management of the town and its adjacent areas, supporting the Sarawak government's vision for Kota Samarahan as a significant hub [1].

The economy of Kota Samarahan has historically been rooted in agriculture, significantly boosted by the Malaysian federal government's Integrated Agricultural Development Area (IADA) program, initiated in 1986 [1]. This initiative has promoted cultivation of diverse crops such as sweet lime, coconut, oil palm, pineapple, paddy rice, watermelon, sweet corn, and various vegetables [1]. The IADA program has been instrumental in poverty reduction within the area, demonstrating a significant decrease in poverty rates between 1986 and 2005 [1].

Beyond agriculture, Kota Samarahan is home to a mini industrial estate near Tanjung Bundong village, contributing to its economic diversification [1]. The Sarawak Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Authority (SALCRA) also maintains its headquarters in the town, further underscoring the region's focus on land development and agricultural consolidation [1]. These elements collectively form the backbone of Kota Samarahan's economy, aiming for sustainable growth and improved livelihoods [1].

Kota Samarahan boasts a developing infrastructure designed to support its growing population and institutional functions. Transportation has seen significant improvements, particularly with the construction of a bridge that has dramatically shortened the road distance to Kuching, reducing travel to just 11 kilometers [1]. This new road, known as the Kuching-Kota Samarahan Expressway, is vital for connecting the town to major industrial areas and is undergoing expansion to accommodate increased traffic [1]. Public bus services also connect Kota Samarahan with Kuching and other surrounding areas [1].

In terms of medical facilities, the town is home to the Sarawak Heart Centre, established in 2011, which provides specialized cardiology services [1]. Additionally, a public health clinic serves the general medical needs of the community [1]. This evolving infrastructure, encompassing improved connectivity and essential healthcare services, is crucial for Kota Samarahan's continued development as a modern and livable urban center [1].